Which organ is primarily involved in detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs?

The liver is the primary organ responsible for detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs in the human body. It performs a crucial role in breaking down harmful substances, such as alcohol and various toxins, through enzymatic processes. This organ contains specialized cells that can convert fat-soluble compounds into water-soluble ones, facilitating their excretion from the body.

In addition to detoxification, the liver plays a vital part in metabolizing medications, ensuring that drugs are altered to allow for their proper use by the body or elimination. Through various metabolic pathways, it synthesizes proteins essential for blood clotting and produces bile, which is critical for digestion.

The other organs listed have different functions. The spleen is involved in the immune response and the filtration of blood, the pancreas plays a key role in digestion and blood sugar regulation, while the kidneys are essential for filtering waste from the blood and regulating electrolytes. However, the specific function of drug metabolism and detoxification is primarily attributed to the liver.