What are the building blocks of proteins?

Amino acids are recognized as the fundamental building blocks of proteins. Each protein is composed of one or more chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, forming specific three-dimensional structures that determine their function in biological processes. There are 20 different amino acids that can combine in various sequences to create an extensive variety of proteins, each with unique properties and roles within the body.

The other options represent different types of biological molecules: nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA; fatty acids are components of lipids and play key roles in cell membrane structure and energy storage; monosaccharides are the basic units of carbohydrates. While each of these biomolecules serves crucial functions within the body, they do not serve as the building blocks of proteins.